In the capacity of holding, Eletrobras controls great part of the electric power generation and transmission systems of Brazil through six subsidiaries: Eletrobras Chesf, Eletrobras Furnas, Eletrobras Eletrosul, Eletrobras Eletronorte, Eletrobras CGTEE and Eletrobras Eletronuclear. In addition to being the principal stockholder of those companies, Eletrobras, in the name of the Brazilian federal government, holds 50% of the capital of Itaipu Binacional.

The holding also controls the Electric Power Research Center (Eletrobras Cepel) and Eletrobras Participações S.A. (Eletrobras Eletropar). In distribution, Eletrobras controls the companies Eletrobras Amazonas Energia, Eletrobras Distribution Acre, Eletrobras Distribution Roraima, Eletrobras Distribution Rondônia, Eletrobras Distribution Piauí and Eletrobras Distribution Alagoas.

The generating capacity of Eletrobras, in addition to 50% of the power of Itaipu belonging to Brazil, reached 42,302 MW, corresponding to 36% of the total power nationwide. The transmission lines have 54,104.94 kilometers of extension.